How does air pollution affect asthma?

Air pollution is known to have a significant impact on respiratory health, particularly in individuals with asthma. The correct choice highlights that air pollution can exacerbate symptoms and trigger attacks in asthma patients. Exposure to pollutants such as particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide can lead to increased inflammation of the airways, worsening existing symptoms like wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath.

Asthma is characterized by hyperreactive airways, and when these airways encounter irritants or allergens present in polluted air, they can respond with further tightening and constriction. This response can lead to acute asthma exacerbations, requiring more intensive management or rescue medication.

In contrast, the incorrect options suggest that air pollution may improve lung function or have no effect, which contradicts the extensive body of research that links poor air quality with increased asthma morbidity. The notion that air pollution could cure asthma is also misguided, as asthma is a chronic condition that typically requires ongoing management and cannot be cured solely by eliminating environmental factors.